Primary Submission Category: Social/relational factors
Experiences of social cohesion and trust in HIV prevention efforts among adolescents in western Kenya
Authors: William Story, Yvonne Wanjiru, Maureen Wanjiru, Catherine Muteithia, William T. Story,
Presenting Author: Nema C.M. Aluku*
Background: Kenya has some of the highest rates of HIV among adolescents in the world. Mistrust and social exclusion are primary barriers to HIV prevention among youth in Kenya. The aim of this study is to explore experiences of trust and social cohesion when addressing HIV prevention among adolescents in western Kenya.
Methods: This study was implemented in three counties in western Kenya. In-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted with 12 adolescents (15-19 years), 6 parents, 6 religious leaders, 6 teachers, and 6 healthcare workers. All IDIs were audio recorded with consent, transcribed verbatim, and translated into English. Transcripts were thematically coded using Dedoose and code summaries were developed to identify factors associated with community social cohesion.
Results: Individuals participate in community activities and get along with one another, while demonstrating mutual support. There is a strong sense of belonging among respondents; however, those who do not cooperate are excluded from the community. Additionally, people who are marginalized due to their religion, ethnicity, or HIV status face social exclusion. Trust played a crucial role in the context of HIV-related information. Boys mentioned trusting those were honest and humble, while the girls placed their trust in people who they could confide in and were virtuous. Parents noted that their children trust people who are religious, honest, disciplined, and wise. Regarding opinion leaders, youth value the views of their parents and religious leaders, though girls prioritize the opinions of women in their lives.
Conclusion: Overall, community members generally support each, but certain groups of people (including those living with HIV) are excluded. Further, boys, girls, and parents valued different qualities in trusted individuals. These results provide useful information for future interventions to enhance social cohesion in communities affected by HIV western Kenya.