Primary Submission Category: Health behaviors
A qualitative exploration of youth experiences of social support in the context of HIV prevention in western Kenya
Authors: William Story, Yvonne Wanjiru, Maureen Wanjiru, Catherine Muteithia, William T. Story,
Presenting Author: Nema C.M. Aluku*
Background: Kenya has some of the highest rates of HIV in the world, with adolescents being particularly vulnerable to infection. Social support can significantly influence HIV prevention norms and behaviors. The primary objective of this study is to document the experiences of social support when addressing HIV prevention among adolescents in western Kenya.
Methods: This study was implemented in three counties in western Kenya: Uasin Gishu, Nandi and Kakamega. In-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted with 12 adolescents (15-19 years), 6 parents, 6 religious leaders, 6 teachers, and 6 healthcare workers. All IDIs were audio recorded with consent, transcribed verbatim, and translated into English. Transcripts were thematically coded using Dedoose and code summaries were developed to identify factors associated with youth social support.
Results: Youth and parents mentioned that adolescents sought emotional support from their parents/guardians because they felt comfortable and encouraged by them. When it comes to HIV, adolescents reported seeking guidance from doctors for their expertise and parents due to their trust in them. Religious leaders, parents, and healthcare workers noted that adolescents consulted doctors because they are professionals who would provide good advice and ensure confidentiality. Overall, social support made young people feel valued, loved, and understood by their parents and guardians. Youth expressed feelings of relief and contentment following conversations about stressful situations, including HIV. Most adolescents trusted the information provided by familiar and respected individuals.
Conclusion: Overall, adolescents had positive experiences with social support, turning to parents/guardians for social support and doctors for information about HIV. These results provide useful information for future social support interventions to improve HIV prevention among adolescents in western Kenya.