Primary Submission Category: Health behaviors
Association of Suboptimal Sleep and the Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Rashun Miles Jennifer Reneker Elizabeth Heitman Nelsona Atehortua De La Pena
Presenting Author: Rashun Miles*
Background: Sleep is vitally important for physical and mental health. Suboptimal sleep (SS), characterized as sleep durations of 9 hours per night, is associated with an increased risk for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The association between SS-T2DM may differ by race/ethnicity. This research sought to examine the association between suboptimal sleep and T2DM among African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study.
Methods: Data from the Jackson Heart Sleep Study, an ancillary study of the Jackson Heart Study was utilized. The sample for the analysis totaled 673 African American adults. A logistic regression model was used to explore the association between T2DM (Yes/No) with sleep duration (<7, 7-9, or >9 hours). Covariates included in the analysis were age, sex, education, perceived health, income status, BMI, depression, and hypertension.
Results: There was no significant association between sleep duration and T2DM (OR=1.01, p=.70, 95% CI [0.81, 1.47]. Significantly increased odds of T2DM were associated with BMI (OR=1.05, p<0.03, 95% CI [1.02,1.08]), age (OR=1.04, p<0.000, 95% CI [1.021, 1.06]), hypertension (OR=3.07, p=0.002, 95% CI [1.53,6.18]), and depression (OR=2.10, p=0.02, 95% CI [1.03,4.32]). Significantly decreased odds of T2DM were associated with income status (OR =0.78, p = 0.03, 95% CI [0.63, 0.97].
Conclusion: In this sample, there was no association between sleep and T2DM. Strong associations between known risk factors (i.e., BMI, age, and blood pressure) and T2DM were found as expected. An additional factor, which has not been well-demonstrated in the literature among an African American cohort, is depression and its association with T2DM. More research on the association of depression and T2DM among African Americas is needed, as increased depression and T2DM are associated with increased disability, poorer quality of life, and difficulties with self-management.